Minggu, 28 Juni 2009
Selasa, 03 Maret 2009
Adobe Audition Tutorial
Adobe Audition Tutorial
for speech recordings
One of the best audio editing programs out there (at least for Windows) is Adobe Audition. This basic tutorial will show you how to use Adobe Audition to record, edit and compress a sound file suitable for making available on your site for streaming audio. More advanced techniques can be learned from the Syntrillium how-to section.
1) Get Adobe Audition (or any sound editor)
If you don't already have Adobe Audition, you can download a 30-day trial version.
Alternately, since Audition is fairly expensive (about US$300), you can use any decent audio editor you have access to. One free alternative is Audiacity, an open-source product, which as a bonus is available for Windows, Mac and Linux. The screenshots and the step-by-step directions won't match exactly if you use a program other than Audition, but the basic principles contained herein apply no matter what software you use. For a specific tutorial on Audacity, see here.
2) Start recording
2a) I'll assume that you've got your audio source (tape deck, MiniDisc, mixing board, etc) properly connected to the line-in on your soundcard and got the Windows Mixer set to record off line in (your soundcard documentation should cover these steps if you're not sure how). In brief (assuming Windows XP or similar):
Start up Adobe Audition, then click on the Record button (red dot in the toolbar area in the lower-left corner of the screen). You will be presented with a dialog to select channels and frequency. 
Always use 16-bit, never use 8-bit or 32-bit audio format (8-bit sounds very bad and higher than 16-bit is not well supported). You want to capture the optimal sound quality during the recording phase and worry about compressing the sound later. Frequencies above 44100Hz are not supported on all sound cards, so stick with 44100. If you have a stereo source (for music only, stereo for speech is completely unneccesary) you should select "stereo", otherwise select "mono".
2b) If you've selected Timed Record (see Tips section below), a dialog box will appear asking you to enter the time in minutes and seconds you want recorded (this example shows 45 minutes). It doesn't hurt to record a little more just in case your time estimate is slightly off - it's easy to trim excess. If you have not enabled Timed Record, skip to 2c). Note: Make sure Start Recording is set to "Right Away".
2c) Recording is now in progress, and will continue until you either click the Stop button (or hit the Escape key) or until the specified time has elapsed if you have Timed Record enabled.
Keep an eye on the volume meter (make sure "Show Levels on Play and Record" is checked under the Options menu) and make sure the level never goes above -1dB at any time. It's far better to keep the recording volume a little on the low side (with peaks around -6dB) and amplify it later rather than record at too high a level because once the audio is clipped it's pretty much impossible to make it sound good again.
3) Edit the recording
3a) You should now have a recording that looks something like this picture. If you haven't worked with an audio-editing application such as Audition before, left to right represents time, and up and down represents volume. 
This picture shows a sample recording as it might appear before you do any editing. You can see that the recording is not as loud as it could be (it doesn't reach all the way to the top and bottom of the screen). The first edit we will do is to "normalize" (amplify as much as possible without clipping). To do that, click on the Transform menu, then under the Amplitude submenu, click on Normalize.... 
Set the options in the following dialog to match this screenshot (the Normalize Left/Right Equally option is disabled if you have a mono recording). I suggest setting to 98% rather than 100% to avoid possible clipping in the decoding phase of the final compressed file.
3b) The file should now look something like this, with the loudest portions reaching all the way to the top and/or bottom of the screen. The next step we will do will make the audio easier to listen to for 
the average computer's speaker design, especially for speech.
You can see that the loudest parts of the recording reach maximum volume, but most of the time the average volume is much closer to -5dB, -10dB, or even lower. To make speech easiest to understand, it's best to have the volume of all parts as close to the same as possible. To do this, we'll make use of the Dynamics Processing feature in Audition, which you
can find under the Transform menu, then under the Amplitude submenu, click on Dynamics Processing... In the dialog that comes up, you will have to create the profile yourself, there is no preset that exactly matches what we want to achieve here. First, make sure the Splines checkbox is checked, then drag the square from the upper-right corner of the grid down a little to -10dB. Then click in the grid where you see the other two white boxes in this picture, at approximately -20dB/-10dB and -30dB/-30dB. Alternately, it might be easier to enter numbers on the Traditional tab of the dialog, as shown here. Select Compress 50:1 Above -20dB, Expand 2:1 Below -20dB, and Flat Below -30dB. Make sure you enter negative numbers for those dB thresholds. Enter 10 for Output Compensation. Click back over to the 
Graphic tab to make sure the graph still looks like the shape you see illustrated here - if you mis-entered some numbers the shape will be quite different and you should double-check your numbers. After you click OK and the processing is complete, the file should look something like this, with almost all the volume at about the same level, but not at maximum volume. Perform the same steps as we did early to normalize the volume to 98% again: click on the Transform menu, then under the Amplitude submenu, click on Normalize... The settings in the Normalize dialog should not have changed since last time, but just for reference they should be set to 98% and DC Bias Adjust checked and set to 0.
3c) The next thing to do is to remove unneccesary gaps of silence. All speakers will leave pauses of varying length between sentences and ideas, or when turning to a Bible text, etc. When listening to the speech live, in-person, or even on video, where you can see the presenter, you don't notice this so much, but when all you have is an audio recording on a computer, especially one that's streaming over the internet, this may be distracting. Not only that, but removing unneeded silence from within a recording will reduce the size of the file you create, resulting in faster downloads for your listeners and marginally lower server costs for you. To delete silence from your recording, select Delete Silence... from the Edit menu. In the dialog 
that appears, set the numbers as illustrated, which differ somewhat from the default Adobe Audition settings: Define "Silence" as below -38dB for more than 1500 milliseconds, define "Audio" as above -34dB for more than 100 milliseconds, and Limit Continuous Silence to 1000 milliseconds. Once you have entered those numbers, click the "Scan for Silence Now" button, and Audition will scan through your file and pick out any sections that have more than 1.5 seconds of continuous silence and delete all the silence after the first 1.0 seconds. You will usually find between 1 and 3 minutes of silence to delete in a 30-minute speech recording. Click "OK" and the silence will be removed from your recording.
3d) The final editing to do is trimming the start and end of the recording to make sure that the recording begins and ends where you want it to. Highlight a small portion of the beginning of the recording with your mouse, then click the "Zoom To Selection" button near the bottom-centre of the window. Once you're zoomed in, you can highlight the exact part that precedes where you want the recording to start (use the Zoom In and/or Zoom Out 
buttons as neccesary to view as much of the recording as you need to). Once the part you don't want is highlighted, hit the Delete key on your keyboard (or choose Delete Selection from the Edit menu). Once you have trimmed the beginning, use the Zoom Out Full button to view the entire recording, and repeat the process to trim unwanted recording from the end.
This is the end of the editing section.
4) Save & Compress
4a) Save your recording in the standard uncompressed WAV format. Select Save As... from the File menu, type a filename, navigate to where you want to save the file, and select Windows PCM (*.wav) from the drop-down list of file formats. Click "OK" and your file will be saved.
The WAV file format is uncompressed - it takes up a lot of space, but there is no loss of quality. In the next step we will take this large file (one hour of mono audio will be around 250MB) and compress it down to a much smaller file suitable for distribution over the internet. The method I will describe here will allow you to compress to either MP3 (probably the most common compressed audio format in existance right now) or Ogg Vorbis, a newer, free and better-quality-than-MP3 compression method. There are other compression standards out there, including RealAudio and WindowsMedia, but while they generally offer good speech compression, they are proprietary formats and limited availability of playback software, with no guarantee of future support (or even the ability to convert out of the format to something else) if the company developing it decides to stop doing so. That being said, if you do want to compress to a format other than MP3 or Ogg Vorbis, you may go ahead and do so from the file you just saved and skip the next section.
4b) Compressing audio to really small file sizes is a somewhat tricky to get optimal sound quality from an appropriately small file, so I wrote this small program to automatically pick the best settings for each encoder, depending on the type of content you are encoding (music or speech, mono or stereo).
First, you will need to download the software:
Once you have downloaded and saved (and unzipped if neccesary) the files, run AudioArchiveCompressor.exe. The first time you run it, you will need to specify the location for OggEnc.exe and/or lame.exe otherwise you won't be able to encode anything. After that, you can open the WAV file you saved earlier (drag & drop works too). It's optional, but highly recommended, that you enter the title, speaker/artist, date, and Scripture
Reading (if appropriate) - this information is stored in the ID3 tag (for MP3s, Vorbis comment tag for Ogg). Track number should be used to identify the order in which multiple recordings on the same day take place (set to "1" if there was only one recording on that date). Choose which format you want to compress to (Ogg or MP3), and what Genre (speech or various types of music), and whether it's mono or stereo (only mono is allowed for speech recordings). Once the settings are correct, click the Compress button and another window will open showing the progress of the compressor. The file will be compressed to a file of the same name as the source WAV file, but with a .mp3 or .ogg extension in place of the original .wav extension.
You're now done! You may now upload the file to your website.
Tips
for speech recordings
One of the best audio editing programs out there (at least for Windows) is Adobe Audition. This basic tutorial will show you how to use Adobe Audition to record, edit and compress a sound file suitable for making available on your site for streaming audio. More advanced techniques can be learned from the Syntrillium how-to section.
1) Get Adobe Audition (or any sound editor)
If you don't already have Adobe Audition, you can download a 30-day trial version.
Alternately, since Audition is fairly expensive (about US$300), you can use any decent audio editor you have access to. One free alternative is Audiacity, an open-source product, which as a bonus is available for Windows, Mac and Linux. The screenshots and the step-by-step directions won't match exactly if you use a program other than Audition, but the basic principles contained herein apply no matter what software you use. For a specific tutorial on Audacity, see here.
2) Start recording
2a) I'll assume that you've got your audio source (tape deck, MiniDisc, mixing board, etc) properly connected to the line-in on your soundcard and got the Windows Mixer set to record off line in (your soundcard documentation should cover these steps if you're not sure how). In brief (assuming Windows XP or similar):
- Physically plug your audio device into the "Line-In" jack on your soundcard
- Go to Control Panel -> Sound and Audio Devices -> Device Volume|Advanced
- Change to recording level mode by going to Options -> Properties -> Adjust volume for|Recording (and make sure all boxes below are checked), then click OK
- Check the "[x] Select" box under the appropriate source, which could be either "Line In", "Analog Mix" or "What U Hear".
- Make sure the volume slider is high enough for the selected source. Usually set at 100% is good, and then adjust the recording level with your playback device. However, if you get distortion and/or you have you set your device playback level below 20% volume, adjust this slider so that playback volume and recording volume are both around 50%, and you're not getting clipping or distortion in your recordings
Start up Adobe Audition, then click on the Record button (red dot in the toolbar area in the lower-left corner of the screen). You will be presented with a dialog to select channels and frequency. Always use 16-bit, never use 8-bit or 32-bit audio format (8-bit sounds very bad and higher than 16-bit is not well supported). You want to capture the optimal sound quality during the recording phase and worry about compressing the sound later. Frequencies above 44100Hz are not supported on all sound cards, so stick with 44100. If you have a stereo source (for music only, stereo for speech is completely unneccesary) you should select "stereo", otherwise select "mono". 2b) If you've selected Timed Record (see Tips section below), a dialog box will appear asking you to enter the time in minutes and seconds you want recorded (this example shows 45 minutes). It doesn't hurt to record a little more just in case your time estimate is slightly off - it's easy to trim excess. If you have not enabled Timed Record, skip to 2c). Note: Make sure Start Recording is set to "Right Away".2c) Recording is now in progress, and will continue until you either click the Stop button (or hit the Escape key) or until the specified time has elapsed if you have Timed Record enabled.
Keep an eye on the volume meter (make sure "Show Levels on Play and Record" is checked under the Options menu) and make sure the level never goes above -1dB at any time. It's far better to keep the recording volume a little on the low side (with peaks around -6dB) and amplify it later rather than record at too high a level because once the audio is clipped it's pretty much impossible to make it sound good again. 3) Edit the recording
3a) You should now have a recording that looks something like this picture. If you haven't worked with an audio-editing application such as Audition before, left to right represents time, and up and down represents volume. This picture shows a sample recording as it might appear before you do any editing. You can see that the recording is not as loud as it could be (it doesn't reach all the way to the top and bottom of the screen). The first edit we will do is to "normalize" (amplify as much as possible without clipping). To do that, click on the Transform menu, then under the Amplitude submenu, click on Normalize.... Set the options in the following dialog to match this screenshot (the Normalize Left/Right Equally option is disabled if you have a mono recording). I suggest setting to 98% rather than 100% to avoid possible clipping in the decoding phase of the final compressed file. 3b) The file should now look something like this, with the loudest portions reaching all the way to the top and/or bottom of the screen. The next step we will do will make the audio easier to listen to for the average computer's speaker design, especially for speech. You can see that the loudest parts of the recording reach maximum volume, but most of the time the average volume is much closer to -5dB, -10dB, or even lower. To make speech easiest to understand, it's best to have the volume of all parts as close to the same as possible. To do this, we'll make use of the Dynamics Processing feature in Audition, which you
can find under the Transform menu, then under the Amplitude submenu, click on Dynamics Processing... In the dialog that comes up, you will have to create the profile yourself, there is no preset that exactly matches what we want to achieve here. First, make sure the Splines checkbox is checked, then drag the square from the upper-right corner of the grid down a little to -10dB. Then click in the grid where you see the other two white boxes in this picture, at approximately -20dB/-10dB and -30dB/-30dB. Alternately, it might be easier to enter numbers on the Traditional tab of the dialog, as shown here. Select Compress 50:1 Above -20dB, Expand 2:1 Below -20dB, and Flat Below -30dB. Make sure you enter negative numbers for those dB thresholds. Enter 10 for Output Compensation. Click back over to the Graphic tab to make sure the graph still looks like the shape you see illustrated here - if you mis-entered some numbers the shape will be quite different and you should double-check your numbers. After you click OK and the processing is complete, the file should look something like this, with almost all the volume at about the same level, but not at maximum volume. Perform the same steps as we did early to normalize the volume to 98% again: click on the Transform menu, then under the Amplitude submenu, click on Normalize... The settings in the Normalize dialog should not have changed since last time, but just for reference they should be set to 98% and DC Bias Adjust checked and set to 0. 3c) The next thing to do is to remove unneccesary gaps of silence. All speakers will leave pauses of varying length between sentences and ideas, or when turning to a Bible text, etc. When listening to the speech live, in-person, or even on video, where you can see the presenter, you don't notice this so much, but when all you have is an audio recording on a computer, especially one that's streaming over the internet, this may be distracting. Not only that, but removing unneeded silence from within a recording will reduce the size of the file you create, resulting in faster downloads for your listeners and marginally lower server costs for you. To delete silence from your recording, select Delete Silence... from the Edit menu. In the dialog that appears, set the numbers as illustrated, which differ somewhat from the default Adobe Audition settings: Define "Silence" as below -38dB for more than 1500 milliseconds, define "Audio" as above -34dB for more than 100 milliseconds, and Limit Continuous Silence to 1000 milliseconds. Once you have entered those numbers, click the "Scan for Silence Now" button, and Audition will scan through your file and pick out any sections that have more than 1.5 seconds of continuous silence and delete all the silence after the first 1.0 seconds. You will usually find between 1 and 3 minutes of silence to delete in a 30-minute speech recording. Click "OK" and the silence will be removed from your recording. 3d) The final editing to do is trimming the start and end of the recording to make sure that the recording begins and ends where you want it to. Highlight a small portion of the beginning of the recording with your mouse, then click the "Zoom To Selection" button near the bottom-centre of the window. Once you're zoomed in, you can highlight the exact part that precedes where you want the recording to start (use the Zoom In and/or Zoom Out buttons as neccesary to view as much of the recording as you need to). Once the part you don't want is highlighted, hit the Delete key on your keyboard (or choose Delete Selection from the Edit menu). Once you have trimmed the beginning, use the Zoom Out Full button to view the entire recording, and repeat the process to trim unwanted recording from the end.This is the end of the editing section.
4) Save & Compress
4a) Save your recording in the standard uncompressed WAV format. Select Save As... from the File menu, type a filename, navigate to where you want to save the file, and select Windows PCM (*.wav) from the drop-down list of file formats. Click "OK" and your file will be saved.The WAV file format is uncompressed - it takes up a lot of space, but there is no loss of quality. In the next step we will take this large file (one hour of mono audio will be around 250MB) and compress it down to a much smaller file suitable for distribution over the internet. The method I will describe here will allow you to compress to either MP3 (probably the most common compressed audio format in existance right now) or Ogg Vorbis, a newer, free and better-quality-than-MP3 compression method. There are other compression standards out there, including RealAudio and WindowsMedia, but while they generally offer good speech compression, they are proprietary formats and limited availability of playback software, with no guarantee of future support (or even the ability to convert out of the format to something else) if the company developing it decides to stop doing so. That being said, if you do want to compress to a format other than MP3 or Ogg Vorbis, you may go ahead and do so from the file you just saved and skip the next section.
4b) Compressing audio to really small file sizes is a somewhat tricky to get optimal sound quality from an appropriately small file, so I wrote this small program to automatically pick the best settings for each encoder, depending on the type of content you are encoding (music or speech, mono or stereo).First, you will need to download the software:
- AudioArchiveCompressor.zip (includes lame.exe v3.96.1 and oggenc v1.1.1) (ed2k)
Once you have downloaded and saved (and unzipped if neccesary) the files, run AudioArchiveCompressor.exe. The first time you run it, you will need to specify the location for OggEnc.exe and/or lame.exe otherwise you won't be able to encode anything. After that, you can open the WAV file you saved earlier (drag & drop works too). It's optional, but highly recommended, that you enter the title, speaker/artist, date, and Scripture
Reading (if appropriate) - this information is stored in the ID3 tag (for MP3s, Vorbis comment tag for Ogg). Track number should be used to identify the order in which multiple recordings on the same day take place (set to "1" if there was only one recording on that date). Choose which format you want to compress to (Ogg or MP3), and what Genre (speech or various types of music), and whether it's mono or stereo (only mono is allowed for speech recordings). Once the settings are correct, click the Compress button and another window will open showing the progress of the compressor. The file will be compressed to a file of the same name as the source WAV file, but with a .mp3 or .ogg extension in place of the original .wav extension.You're now done! You may now upload the file to your website.
Tips
Right-click on the dB meter at the bottom of the window and choose 60dB Range rather than the default 120dB Range - this will more closely relate to what your ears will perceive as volume.
You can also right-click on the right-side axis and choose to display in decibel format, probably the most useful of the 4 available scales, since dB is a logarithmic scale and somewhat hard to visualize if you're not used to it (and the other scales are linear (non-logarithmic) which might be confusing. -
If you're recording off a previously-recorded source (audio cassette, MiniDisc, etc - as opposed to recording the live performance), and you know the length of the material you wish to record, you can turn on Timed Record from the Options menu - this will allow you to let the recording go unattended, it will stop when however many minutes and seconds you specify have been recorded.
Fruity Loops Tutorial (FL Studio)
Preamble
I know this is artudithu.blogspot.com, not ultimate-techno, ultimate-synth, ect. But, there is something to learn from every style of music. Not so mention, with the right soundfonts and samples, you can write a professional sounding backing tracks for your song. (Will probably include something in a later lesson.) This program isnt the best sequencer out there, but it is easier than most, and it can produce results just about as amazing as Reason or Cubase.
Using Fruity Loops
In order to understand this tutorial, you will need to know the basics of operating FL. When you start up FL studio you should be greeted with a screen with a bunch'a blocks on it.
This is the step sequencer. The step sequencer is where you make the patterns that make up the song. The different drum parts, the different "riffs", and so on. Then you assemble this riffs in the playlist, which I will explain next. I will explain the parts.
01. This adjusts the beats per measure in this pattern. (By default it shows -- and it has 4 beats in the measure)
02. The pattern in the blocks will repeat while a piano roll sequence is playing. For example, If you set a kick to go off on each beat, but you assign a piano roll pattern to an instrument in this pattern to go for 8 beats, the 4 beat kick pattern will repeat once over the 8 beat intrument pattern (will explain better later..)
03. This little slider adjust the swing, When set all the way left, there is no swing, when all the way right, each beat is heavily accented and the notes in between each beat are kind of grouped together in a kind of triplet feel.
04. Graph editor - Controls note velocity, cut-off, resonance, ect.
05. Keyboard Editor - A worthless simplified version of the paino roll.
06. Clicking this little LED mutes the track beside it.
07. Adjusts the panning of the track (All the way left makes the sound play only in the left speaker, all the way right makes it only play in the right speaker) Defaults to center.
08. Adjusts the volume, default is 75%, and there is almost no reason it should go higher than that. Dont just go cranking up the volumes for no reason.
09. Sequencers, Add a note left clicking on one of these boxes with all a note there. Get rid of a note by right clicking. (the note will be the root for the song, more on that later) These are pretty much only used for drum tracks, you should use piano rolls for instuments. (more on that too..)
10. Drop down menu shows different sets of intruments, used for better organizing songs with alot'a synths, I dont ever use it though.
11. Little white "LEDs" show what note the sequencer is on while playing.
I know, reading this is boring, so I'll give you a little something to do.
Make sure you are editing the first pattern. (make sure the little led display with "PAT" underneath it says 1)
See the kick instrument? Left click on the box at the beginning of each beat. Like so..
Hit the play button. You have just made an extremely basic drum beat.
Mess around with the drum instruments you see here, left click to add, right click to remove. Dont go overboard with the drums!
When you are ready to move on.. move on!
01. These little buttons switch between the pattern in the step sequencer, and the entire song in the playlist.
02. Little slider to slide through the song.. :P
03. Play, Stop, and Record.
04. Adjusts tempo, just click and move the mouse up or down.
05. Selects a step sequencer pattern. Adjusted like tempo.
06. Playlist editor. (F5)
07. Step Sequencer. (F6)
08. Piano Roll (F7)
09. Browser. (F8)
10. Mixer. (F9)
Now you will learn how to add a bassline using the piano roll.
But, first, remove all the fiddling you did with the drums, or open a new project with File > Open.
Now, put a kick on each beat, and a hihat on each offbeat, and a clap on the 2nd and 4th beat. like so.
Click play to see how it sounds. Nice and simple. Now, for the bass. Right click on the snare, and go to Insert > BooBass. A screen will appear with the boobass settings, this synth is very basic, and only has 3 knobs, Treble, Bass, and Mid. Mess around with them if you like, and see what it sounds like with the little keyboard on the bottom.
Once you are done with that, right click on the BooBass and select Piano Roll, a window will appear, it will have a keyboard on the right, and a buncha empty slots. It appears a little daunting at first, but it isnt hard at all. Basically, on the big bunch of squares next to the keyboard, you place notes. The time goes from left to right when you click play. You place notes just like you did with the drums. But now, you can drag them around, and change the notes. Make something like this.
This makes an eighth note play on every offbeat at C5. Press play. Starting to sound like a song isnt it? I put the bass on the offbeat, so the mix doesnt get muddy, if I had the bass and the kick going at the same time they both take up a very similar frequency range, and things would get kind of muddy. The Kick-Bass pattern is a staple in most electronic music styles.
Now go to the next measure in the piano roll, place the same pattern at F5, then the next measure should be G5, and then F5 again, A simple I,IV,V progression. Click play. Didnt sound right did it? The drums only played during the first measure didnt they? Easy fix. Toggle the little box next to the arrow at the top right of the step sequencer. (Labeled with a 2 on the diagram). Press play, and the drums should repeat every measure.
Press F5 to open the playlist editor. It looks kinda similar to the piano roll, but you organize patterns instead of notes. Place the pattern with the bass and drums you just made, which should have been pattern 1, so just click next to pattern one, and position it to take up the first 4 bars. Place another to take up the next 4 bars. Mouse over to the play button, but before you click play, toggle the little square with the word "SONG" next to it, to play the stuff in the playlist, instead of the one pattern in the step sequencer. Then click play. (You can click anywhere on the blackish horizontal bar with the numbers on it to skip around the song.)
Time to program a nice lead synth!
01. Right click one of the instruments in the step sequencer and go to Insert > 3xOSC.
This synth has some pretty complex controls compared to BooBass. This synth has 3 synths that play at once. (Hence the 3xosc). Press some buttons on the little piano keyboard. By default, this synth is pretty plain sounding. Lets spice it up a bit.
02. Under Osc 1 click the shape that looks like a backwards N, this changes the wave of the sound to a rough saw shape, instead of a smooth sine. Still sounds pretty plain though doesnt it? Go ahead and change all the OSCs to this shape.
Osc stands for oscillator, it basically generates a very simple sound waveform in the shape you specify (The white buttons), This intrument, layers 3 oscillators over each other. The settings we just plugged are refered to as a Super Saw most of the time, these settings are very overused, and appear in hundreds of trance songs. Producers have grown sick of this preset, and most hate it to death. But, it will work for now.
The Knobs next to the osc are Volume, Pan, Course Tuning (1 note at a time), and Fine Tuning (around a cent at a time, up to 50 cents in either direction). By default, the Course tunning is set to have a 3 octave harmony, and the fine tunnings are all at 0 detune.
03. On Osc 2, very slightly adjust the Fine knob to the left, and on Osc 3, move it slightly to the Right.
This will create a chorus/flanger effect. The slight dissonance between the 3 oscillators makes the intument sound wider, fuller, and bit fatter.
04. At the top of the 3xOSC window, click on Misc, and toggle the box that says Porta.
This will make thesynth slide from note to note, mosts lead synths sound better with a subtle slide. The knob labled slide, changes the speed of the slide, leave it at default for now.
05. At the top right of the 3xOSC click on the box label FX, and drag your mouse slightly upward, so it says 1.
This routes the instrument through the first Effects channel. Press F9 to open the mixer. There should be a master, and a bunch of inserts, and 4 sends. The inserts are the places where you insert intruments to add effects, adjust volume, EQ, ect. The master add effects to the entire track. The sends are a little weird. Sounds can be sent here via plugin, or sometimes synths have options to send parts of the synth to one of the sends. I will explain the uses of the sends in a later lesson.
06. Click on Insert 1.
This is the insert you just routed your new synth too. All the way to the left. There is 8 things labeled from 1 to 8, these are the 8 slots for effects.
07. Click on the arrow next to one of the eight slots, and go to Select > Fruity Reverb.
Adds a reverb effect to everything in insert 1, which is only the lead synth we made.
08. On the new window click on the button in the very top right corner and go to Presets > Subtle.
This will change the settings of the reverb to something more subtle.
09.Now add an effect to slot 2, Insert > Delay 2. Set the preset to Stereo Effect, and adjust the Cut knob to a little less than half way.
The cut knob adjusts the effects low pass filter. This will make the higher frequencies the repeat be cut out, so the repeat isnt as pronounced as the note itself. Play around with the keyboard some more, see how it sounds.
The settings for the synth, and the effects. (Dont just copy this, there is another step, and valuable information in the above paragraph)
Now, to write the lead. Got to pattern 2. I felt like doing a corny major happy riff thing. So I did. (See the pattern below)Basically, its the root of the chord in that measure, the major 3rd, and the 5th, its basically and arpeggio of the Cmajor chord. And then, you select the lasso tool from the tools at the top of the piano roll, and select all of the notes. Hit Ctrl+c to copy, scroll over to the next measure and paster, drag the notes up to F6, so it transposes to an Fmajor arpeggio. Do that for the paste and transpose to G for the next measure, and then F measure for the last measure, a simple, happy sounding major lead. Now, place that pattern in the play list matched up with the second 4bars for pattern 1.
Hit play. The bass and drums should play, and then the lead should kick in the second time around.
| These are some of the basics of Fruity Loops, the next chapters will cover mre techniques I use, how to program a Sytrus synth, how to make a complete song, and how to mix and master it! Download the Fruity Loops project file here. |
Kamis, 26 Februari 2009
TENTANG ALAY (PENTING!!!!!)
(BAHAS TUNTAS ALAY) KETIKA ORANG MENGALAYKAN ORANG LAIN
Benar-benar tidak disangka kalo respon terhadap orang alay sangat buruk dan memprihatinkan.
SEBENARNYA APA ITU ALAY?
Alay adalah singkatan dari Anak layangan, Alah lebay, Anak Layu, atau Anak keLayapanyang menghubungkannya dengan anak JARPUL (Jarang Pulang). Tapi yang paling santer adalah anak layangan. Dominannya, istilah ini untuk menggambarkan anak yg sok keren, secara fashion, karya (musik) maupun kelakuan secara umum. Konon asal usulnya, alay diartikan “anak kampung”, karena anak kampung yang rata-rata berambut merah dan berkulit sawo gelap karena kebanyakan main layangan.
YANG BAGAIMANA ALAY ITU?
* Versi A:
1. Suka banget pake tulisan atau teks yang GedE keCiL-gEdEkeciL
2. Sok bergaya Emo atau Harajuku tapi pas ditanya asalmulanya, gak tau sama sekali
3. Kalo sms atau ngirim komentar memakai bahasa aneh seperti, “aQuWh, maNi3eZz..”
4. Pokoknya gaya rambut si cowok persis kayak Kangen band (buset dah…)
5. Terlihat memakai postman bag berjenis kulit tapi ga jelas merk dan beli di distro yang mana…
6. Kurus kerempeng, suka memegang rambut dan bermuka bokat
7. Beraninya kalo bikin ulah pasti barengan dan gak berani kalo sendirian
8. Sok kaya, sok imut, sok cantik, sok keren, sok gaul, sok techno padahal waktu ditanya kode HTML aja gak bisa
9. Untuk lagu barat, mereka tidak tahu lagu barat yang sedang nge-tren dan mereka(orang alay) hanya tahu lagu barat dari jaman eighty dan ninety doank (parah gak sih?)
Yang paling parah memang anak-anak alay suka melebih-lebihkan serta kangen-band adalah pemicu gaya anak alay jaman sekarang…sifat-sifat alay itu sangatlah norak dan ga elit banget.
* Versi B:
artinya gak ada yang bagus sedikitpun…anjriiittt….
pdhl dah keren gitu..eh malah jd gak keren blas..
1. alay / alay - alay
masteng ( mas” tengik )
Contoh dalam kalimat :
gila tu band . isinya alay alay smuaa !
2. alay / alay - alay
singkatan dari anak layangan. Kalau kamu liat dipinggir jalan ada orang berkulit hitam matahari , berambut agak kemerah-merahan , dan mengenakan baju agak sok gaul tapi murahan,mungkin dia alay…
Contoh dalam kalimat :
eh,katanya sman 8 anaknya alay-alay ya?!
3. alay / alay - alay
anak-anak murahan yang suka menjelek-jelekan sekolah org lain, atau ngajak tawuran.
klo lo liat juga ktawan..
Contoh dalam kalimat :
A: “katanya itha alay gituh..”
4. alay / alay - alay
Aduh Letoy - agak maksa ya?
Contoh dalam kalimat :
Alay nih say malem ini
5. alay / alay - alay
cewek-cewek yang gayanya murahan, kayak pine gitu deh (dandanan, cara pakaian)
Contoh dalam kalimat :
“Alay-alay bgt sih tu cewek”
“Itu cewek gayanya selera bule bgt sih”
“Yaelah, alay…”
6. alay / alay - alay
tingkatan paling rendah dari strata remaja!!! lebih norak dari anak kampung. Biasanya keliatan di sma-sma jelek n rendahan + di stm-stm gituu…
Contoh dalam kalimat :
yang ngerasa alay-alay ngakuuuuuu!!!!!
7. alay / alay - alay
biasanya anak-anak SMA kampungan tukang tawuran yang suka manggil temen satu gerombolannya “lay!!! sini lay!!!” (tentunya dengan suara yg agak dicempreng2in) bisa dikategorikan sebagai ALAY
Contoh dalam kalimat :
“lay… bokin” lu mana lay..?!” - yg gaya ngomongnya begini bisa disebut ALAY-
8. alay / alay - alay
orang yang dari lahir udah ditakdirkan menjadi orang yang kampungan, norak, dan bikin eneg..
Contoh dalam kalimat :
anak-anak sekolah itu alay-alay banged yh..
9. alay / alay - alay
Anak Kampungan Yang Pake Jeans Ketat ama sepatu Converse
Contoh dalam kalimat :
Woi, si Rey tuh alay banget yah? liat aja bajunya
* Versi C
alay itu orang kampung yang kampungan dengan dandanan kampungan, ngerti maksud saya? tidak semua orang kampung itu kampungan, contohnya si doel, walaupun namanya berkesan alay tapi karakternya tidak alay. nah orang kampung yang kampungan itu biasa disebut alay.
apakah bukan orang kampung bisa disebut alay? kita ambil contoh vino g bastian, menurut gw dia bukan orang kampung, tapi rambutnya berkesan alay dan sering dijadikan role model oleh alay namun karena perilaku dan mukanya yang tidak kampungan maka vino tidak termasuk alay..jadi.. jawabannya bisa jadi, bukan orang kampung termasuk alay, namun kasus seperti ini teramat sangat jarang terjadi, karena rata-rata alay itu anak kampung.
lalu apa itu kampungan?
perilaku yang tidak mencerminkan dirinya sebagai manusia yang benar, setidaknya berbuat benar. contohnya: tawuran antar kampung atau antar sma, nongkrong di halte bareng geng alaynya sambil godain cewek, bergerombol di stasiun, di mall jelek, di pasar sambil ngerokok terus bicara dengan nada yang tidak bisa disebut tinggi tapi lebih tepat cempreng sambil ngata2in temen se gengnya dan tentu saja sebagian masih menggoda cewek yang lewat, kalo di bioskop suka nyari perhatian dengan suara cemprengnya komentar gak jelas ketawa berlebihan dll
apakah anak emo itu alay?
tidak emo bukan alay. emo adalah definisi yang berbeda dengan alay, namun alay kerap menggunakan dandanan style ala emo yg secara otomatis menjatuhkan pamor dari emo itu sendiri.
perbedaan emo dengan alay gaya seperti apa?
well,, celana skinny dengan baju agak ketat warna item, make sepatu converse, gaya rambut lurus dan panjang di depan namun cepak di belakang. namun acapkali alay mencoba menerapkan gaya tersebut, rambut yang seolah dipaksa2in, celana abal, baju abal, sepatu apa lagi, ditambah dengan ikat pinggang metal yang khas sekali, bisa dicari di pasar2 contohnya klender atau poncol..
oke gayanya minta digampar emang
kebanyakan alay adalah supporter sepakbola yang fanatik atau berlebihan, sesuai dengan definisi kampungan dari seorang alay, yaitu tidak sportif kalo kalah, terus rusuh barang2 dirusakin, baru2 ini di bandung telah terjadi perusakan oleh alay saat pertandingan persib vs persija di ISL.
makanya gw masih males gabung the jak
selera musik?
tidak jauh2 juga dari band2 yang terkadang berbusana layaknya alay seperti radja atau republik (vokalisnya gaya alay parah), dan band2 yang berirama melayu yang easy listening dan tidak perlu menggunakan musikalitas yang tinggi, contoh : kangen band, matta. kalo ada konser didaerah beberapa alay berpotensi menimbulkan kerusuhan seperti saat band nidji atau ungu sedang manggung,, padahal yang maen ungu, klo seringai gitu masih mending lagu2nya menaikkan adrenaline, lah ini ungu dengan lagu cinta2an dan kemarin baru kolaborasi ama rossa..
Garnet Band : beneran ada apa nggak tapi gayanya alay banget
jadi singkirkan alay dari jakarta dan dari seluruh wilayah di Indonesia!! alay seperti aliran sesat yang membawa seseorang menjauh dari kebaikan, alay seperti narkoba yang dapat merusak generasi muda! Untuk alay segeralah bertobat!
* Versi D
Identik banget sama anak2 khususnya cowok yang tampangnya ga karuan.(ga enak juga kalo bilang item..buluk…pakean full pressed body ala anak2 punk. dan mukanya yang amburadul) itu buat yang cowok,kalo yang cwek namanya Umay..(ga bisa kebayang mukanya kaya apa)…Alay2 di jakarta suangat identik banget sama Jongkok ala Burung kakak tua,yang semua anggota badan nempel.mulai dari dengkul nempel ke dada,tumit nempel ke pantat…ngeliatnya bikin mules.
* Versi E
Anak Layangan…
Ciri2:
- Rambut Polem (Poni Lempar)
- Celana mode Hipster
- Kolor Boxer kemana-mana
- Pipa Celana
* Versi F
- Cowok2 pengkolan yg berdandan layaknya personel band emo!. Celana melorot (also dipopulerkan oleh Pasha Ungu!), rambut kelimis diponi panjang menyamping, atribut anting2 dan tindik di sana-sini. Kalo kata Ameng namanya UJANG EMO!. Padahal nggak cocok banget ma tampang.
- Yg pake celana kedodoran, atasan jersey hockey palsu bertuliskan FUBU 05 (ngikutin T-FIVE!) lengkap dengan blink2 palsu dan hair net.
- Alay kalo jadi rockstar bakal kena rockstar syndrom, kesetanan mereka pake baju endorse-an. Biasanya brand-nya dijahit dengan font besar2 di permukaan jaket yg dipake manggung…. contohnya simbiosis mutualisme ST 12 dan clothing ROLINK!. Mohon maaf… bukan kata gw loh kalo ST 12 itu alay, (merujuk pada account group di FS namanya ANTI ALAY GROUP yg pernah ngebahas band ini di salahsatu forumnya). Come ooooonnnn! get a grip!. Lirik yg termehek-mehek, koreografi, lagu, fashion dan gaya secara keseluruhan?. Nggak banget lah.
Teori soal Alayisme besok2. Ini ikhtisar kasar soal Alayisme.
1. Faktor Ekonomi yg kurang mendukung: nggak punya duit buat dandan tapi pengen ikutin fashion, akibatnya beli clothing bajakan yg ngebuat dia terlihat norak.
2. Masih soal motif ekonomi, alay menjadi agresif saat nggak punya duit… misalnya… berakhir mabok miras murahan terus bikin rusuh, malak, dateng ke Stadion Siliwangi nggak bayar. Meresahkan masyarakat3. 3. Dateng ke konser gratisan (biasanya dangdut atau ben segmen C seperti ST 12 tadi). Faktanya jarang banget band kayak SORE maen gratisan!. Kalaupun nggak gratisan gara2 faktor ekonomi tadi yaaa menerobos juga… well diperburuk lagi dengan dateng dalam keadaan mabuk!
4. Selera buruk… soal fashion maupun apresiasi seni… (again, musik!). Ini ditimbulkan karena kurangnya referensi. Mereka dapet “pendidikan” dari TV lokal yang udah KACAU duluan. Tanpa ada studi banding dari internet misalnya atau literatur yg berkaitan. Jadi segmennya domestik/regional aja… ikuti aja apa yang lagi rame.
5. Krisis identitas. Dia mungkin nggak ngerti sebenernya mau ngapain dia di dunia. Yg ginian parah banget… kayak yg pernah gw alamin langsung… orangnya jadi gampang terpengaruh dan ngikutin arus.
6. Sialnya lagi biasanya orangnya males buat belajar. Puas aja sekedar dengerin ST 12 atau memainkan musik yg terpengaruh ST 12. Tanpa mau ngulik lebih dalem soal musik atau lebih umum lagi tentang kebijaksanaan hidup!.
7. Entar dah sambung lagi… sedih gw nulisnya… saking banyaknya Alay di Indonesia. Gw juga terlalu bersemangat… jadinya perasaan gw postingan ini malah abstrak dan berisi personal hatred doank. Abstrak karena nggak sistematis… personal hatred-nya yg ngebuat postingan ini menyalahi kaidah jurnalistik… terlalu subjektif… untuk sementara di posting aja dulu sebagai appetizer, takut keburu lupa.
* Versi G
- rambut yang warnanya coklat tanpa di cat, postur badan yang cungkring
- yg hapal sama lagu2 kangen band, ST12 dan band2 macem kaya gitu. Dari lagu selingkuh, tentang bintang, DOY, PUSPA, dan lagu2 aura kasih, T2 + lagu2 dewiq, dan lagu2 alay lainnya.
- fansnya kangen band, ST12 dan band2 macem kaya gitu.
* Versi H
- 1. pake celana skini warna-warni 2. pake celana skini kotak-kotak 3. tulisan dobel dobel (saiianc, agku, kidta, smuaa, cpe ddeuh..) 4. yang di about me ada tulisan yg bikin muak!
* Versi I
Ciri-ciri alay sebagai berikut.
Apabila kamu merasa begitu, ubah aja sikapmu supaya km ga di cap alay!!
A) TINGKAT PALING RENDAH:
1. nulis kata disingkat, seperti “lagi apa?” gi pha?? atau bosen banget jadi “bsen bgd nh”
2. memakai simbol tambahan. “p@ k@bar L0e??” atau “~hha..~ y nh.. lg bosen~”
3. menggunakan huruf Z dibelakang kata. “mlz bgtz!” atau “gurunya malezin yh”
4. comment orang dengan minta balasan kaya “repp iah!” / “blz dum” / “reply dsini iiaaa”
5. layoutnya yang super rame bahkan berfotmat gif (gerak) dengan warna ngejrenk pinkk fontnya yang anehlah
B) TINGKAT RENDAH
1. aboutme panjaaaang banget dengan gambar dari myspace yang gajelas pake isi gr-gr an kaya “aq tuh…. cntik…. lucu…. punya cowo ganteng…” zzz dan sebagainyalah lo tau kan
2. penggantian kata! gue / gw / gua = w, lo / lu = lw / loe. dong = dumzz / dwunhh
3. foto serba diediiiiit abis apalagi yang editnya emo emo pake tulisan gothic gitu
4. mediabox dipenuhin dengan gambarrrrrr
C) TINGKAT SEDANG
1. mamerin kebisaan dishotout, misalnya “eh w kan menang track motor lohh..” atau “eh w les nyetir dong..” dan yang lebih oon nya “eh w makin oke dan top ya tiap hari” (halah)
2. rusuhin comment foto. misalnya cuma dicomment “cantik deh/ganteng deh” balesnya “emg gw gnteng gtuu… y krna trlahir dh ganteng kli ya?? hha. dan kyanya……….blabalabla”
3. nickname digabung sama nama org yang disuka dengan cara gajelas. misalnya (kalo namanya sama maaf ya) “delita saiianks si luthuu..” atau “delita cinta dya” gitulah ya aezzz…
4. bikin album yang isinya artis favorit mereka. contoh “kangen band khuzuz loh!!” apalagi albumnya pake dikunci, yah capedeh!!
D) ALAY TINGKAT PARAH!
1. barang abal yang dipamerin ketemen terus dia ngaku beli di singapore. amrik . dan sbgainya. “eh liat nih gue beli gelang dijerman gituloh asli kalo ga salah sih dirupiahin 500 ribu ya.” padahal dia beli di itc aja!! yang 10 ribu 5 hahaha.
2. tulisan gede-kecil. “aLoW kLiAnZ hArUz ADd GwE YaH!!” atau dengan angggka “K4Ng3nZ dWEcChh” NNNNNZZZZZ
3. minta di add di shotout, “j9n lupa ett ghw”
4. gaya dengan bibir monyong, telunjuk nempel bibir, gaya tangan dengan oke dipinggir kepala dan foto dari atas
5.nge post bulbo cuma buat kasih tau dia lagi online & minta comment
6. ga tau apa itu alay. alay itu nora’, kampungan
* Versi J
- FS orang-orang alay. Biasanya tipe-tipe orang alay itu, banyak banget aksesoris di profilenya. Kayak di about me, atau di who I want to meet. Udah gitu, penulisannya. Huruf gede kecil. Ga bisa apa tulisannya normal aja? Kan rada pusing ngeliatnya kalo yang ga biasa. Gw bukannya ga suka ama cara penulisan mereka, tapi, gw cuma maw kasih saran doang. Kan bisa pake biasa aja, biar ga pusing gitu ceritanya. Dan. About me-nya itu looh, sok sok yang “aku ntu imut, aku ntu baik, kata orang sih aku cantik…………” zz. Mengerikan.
- Ada cowok pake topi, rambutnya agak keriting gitu, alay sumpah.
- Sering tereak-tereak
* Versi K
Are you “ALAY” (AlaH” Lebaayyyy”)
bagi LO semua yg ngerasa BUKAN bagian dari yg namanya “ALAY” (alah lebay)
~ LO alay ga sih? koreksi diri LO sebelum LO jadi ALAY SEJATI.
jadi “ALAY” itu..
1. selalu ngerasa paling tau tentang musik.
2. tongkrongannya di pinggir pinggir jalan (yang cewek godain cowok,yang cowok godain cewe yang lagi lewat
3. kalo di mall selalu bawa handshet buat dengerin lagu lewat handphone(suka pamer ga jelas & sok asik gitu deh)*hhaha sok cool trmsk ga?
4. sok EMO tapi ditanya sejarahnya emo ga tau.
5. sok pengen ‘gaul’ mau ngikutin tren yang sekarang tapi terlalu LEBAY(cth: nge-mix baju ga kira kira ; baju ijo,celana kotakkotak,sepatu merah,kacamata biru! NORAK !)
6. dimana mana SELALU ada acara yg namanya ‘putu putu narziz’ (entah itudi sekolah,WC,mobil,kamar,stasiun ,angkot,dll)
7. fotonya ga nahan smua! (dengan gaya di imut imutin,dideketin lampu biar‘terang bgt’,foto deket bgt dari wajah *biar jeleknya gakeliatan*,foto dari atas *biar kelihatan keren kali ya*,dll..pokoknya yang bisa bikin ENEG semua orang)*ati2ya [sensor]
8. buat cewek tiap hari kerjaannya ngomongin ttg cowooooooooo mulu!(cth: eh tau ga si A tadi gini loh sama gue hahaha lucubgt ya? *ga lucu!)(yah pokoknya sok pamer gitudeh*berasa cantik)
9. buat cowok..tiap hari kerjaannya cari musuh(ribut) mulu sama tementemen cowoknya yg lain *biar dianggep keren gituw*
10. di friendster.. bagi yang cewek di ff nya majang cowok cowok gantengsemua *meski ga kenal,biar dianggep cantik & gaull*kalo yg cowok ya majang ffnya cewek semua*walau ga kenal*
**hhaha emang smuanya calon korban
11. T U L I S A N
- iya : ia
- kamu: kamuh,kammo,kamoh,kamuwh,kamyu,qamu,etc
- aku : akyu,aq,akko,akkoh,aquwh,etc
- maaf: mu’uph,muphs,maav,etc
- sorry: cowyie,cory,tory(?),etc
- add : ett,etths,aad,edd,etc
- for : vo,fur(zz),pols,etc
- lagi : agi,agy
- makan: mums,mu’umhs,etc
- lucu : lutchuw,uchul,luthu,etc
- siapa: cppa,cp,ciuppu,siappva,etc
- apa : uppu,apva,aps,etc
- narsis: narciezt,narciest,etc
&&& masih bnyak lagi!
12. suka ngirim bulbo ga jelas di fs :”akko onlenndh dcnniih” ato “ayokk perang cummendh cmma saiia” etc (paling parah lagi kalo ngirim bulbo dengan judul “BAJINGAN” tapi isinya kosong!) ih kampret bner deh tu orang orang alay.
**sekedar nulis I LOVE YOU (knp ga ditulis aja di komennya?? mo pamer yak??hhahahaha
13. menganggap dirinya eksis di friendster (kalo comments banyak ituberarti anak gaul jadi lomba banyak-banyakancomment) *kan biar dibilang laku kerasss.. najeeesss ;P
14. kalo ada org yg cuman view profil kita , kita bilang gini : “hey cumanview nih?” ato “heey jgn cuman view doang,add dong!(kalo emang segitu pentingnya orang nge-ADD buat kita..kenapa kita ga nge-ADD dia waktu kita mau ngasih testi?)-__-
15. friendster dipenuhi glitter-glitter norak yang pastinya bisa ngerusakretina mata zz
16. nama friendster mengagung -agungkan diri sendiri,seperti : pRinceSscuTez,sHa luccU,tIkka cAntieqq,etc. (pede bgt sih?)
17. kata /singkatan selalu diakhiri huruf z/s (cth : nama adalah talitra,dbuatjadi : talz. nama adalah niken,dibuat jadi qens..dsb!)
18. foto di friendster bisa nyampe 300 lebih padahal cuman foto DIRINYASENDIRI
19. diam diam mengidolakan : kangen band,st12,radja,ato bahkan GARNETBAND -_-
20. suka menghina orang lain yang ga sama kaya dia.
NAH ITU SEMUA CIRI-CIRI ALAY!
KESIMPULAN:
Tidak ada kepastian alay itu bagaimana. Begitu banyak versi alay. Aku, kamu, mungkin kita alay. Memang ada beberapa versi yang menunjukkan kesamaan, tapi tak luput juga ada versi yang saling berbeda bahkan bertentangan. Hemat saya, berbagai versi alay hanya menunjukkan bahwa alay itu adalah orang yang nggak sreg dihatinya. Alay hanya strata terbawah, dan yang mengalaykan orang lain/ menghakimi orang sebagai alay adalah orang yang merasa sebagai strata teratas.
Seperti kutuliskan di atas, dominannya, alay istilah untuk menggambarkan anak yg sok keren, secara fashion, karya (musik) maupun kelakuan secara umum. Apabila kita setuju dengan maksud istilah di kebanyakkan orang tersebut, berarti orang yang mengalaykan orang lain/ menghakimi orang sebagai alay, orang yang merasa sebagai strata teratas, dialah yang malah menunjukkan dialah sejatinya alay.
Minggu, 15 Februari 2009
Tips Trick Corel Draw
CorelDraw 12 merupakan salah satu software desain grafis yang sangat terkenal. Berbagai fasilitas untuk mendesain tersedia di sini sehingga memudahkan para penggunanya untuk memanfaatkannya. CorelDraw 12 dapat digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan, mulai dari membuat brosur, membuat pamphlet, surat undangan, majalah, brosur dan cover buku yang menarik.
Supaya dapat membuahkan hasil yang menarik, diperlukan latihan-latihan. Sebagai bahan latihan, akan saya paparkan tips & triks menggunakan coreldraw. Mudah-mudahan bermanfaat bagi kita semua…
Membuka Corel Draw
Klik Start à All Programs à pilih CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 12 à Klik CorelDraw 12.
Cara lain: Klik shortcut di desktop yang bertuliskan CorelDraw 12.
Tampilan Corel Draw
o Menu utama (1) à terdiri dari menu-menu untuk mengoperasikan CorelDraw 12.
o Standar (2) à perintah-perintah pada menu utama
o Property bar (3) à berisi tombol-tombol perintah tambahan.
o Tool box (4) à berisi alat untuk mendesain gambar.
o Ruler (5) à sebagai garis pengukur objek
o Color Pallete (6) à berisi perintah untuk memilih warna objek.
o Pages (7) à sebagai petunjuk halaman yang aktif.
o Lembar kerja ( à halaman tampilan untuk tempat mendesain objek.
Menyimpan Desain File
Klik menu File à Save à tulis pada filename nama filenya à tekan Save.
Menutup File
Klik menu File à klik Close.
Menutup Program CorelDraw 12
Klik menu File à klik Exit.
Mengatur Ukuran/ Jenis Kertas
Klik menu File à New à klik kotak Paper Type/Size pada property bar pilih jenis kertas yang anda inginkan. Misalkan letter, legal, tabloid dsb.
Mengatur unit satuan
Klik Drawing Unit pada property bar untuk memilih unit satuan yang anda inginkan. Misalkan: inches, millimeters, dsb.
Menampilkan dan mengatur Grid
Klik menu View à Grid à garis grid akan ditampilkan.
Jika anda ingin mengubah garis grid menjadi titik-titik, klik menu View à Grid and Ruler Setup à muncul kotak dialog, pilih Show grid as dots untuk mengubah garis menjadi titik-titik.
Menambah halaman dalam satu file
Klik Pages (halaman yang aktif) misalkan Page 1 à Klik kanan, pilih Insert Page After.
Menghapus halaman dalam satu file
Klik Pages (halaman yang aktif) misalkan Page 2 à Klik kanan, pilih Delete Page Before.
Mengubah nama halaman dalam satu file
Klik Pages (halaman yang aktif) misalkan Page 1 à Klik kanan, pilih Rename.
Membuat objek segi empat
Klik Rectangle Tool pada Tool Box atau tekan F6 à pointer akan berubah menjadi tanda (+) à drag dan drop mouse pada lembar kerja à akan terbentuk persegi panjang.
Jika anda ingin membuat persegi/ bujur sangkar, Langkah sama seperti membuat persegi panjang. Hanya saja pada saat drag tombol kiri mouse sambil tekan Ctrl pada keyboard.
Jika ingin sudut dari segi empat di atas berbentuk melengkung (tidak siku) maka caranya adalah: tekan Pick Tool pada Tool Box à pilih objek segi empat tersebut à Klik Shape Tool (atau tekan F10) à Arahkan pointer pada sudut segi empat lalu drag (geser sedikit) dengan menekan tombol kiri mouse.
Membuat objek lingkaran
Klik Ellipse Tool pada Tool Box atau tekan F7 à pointer akan berubah menjadi tanda (+) à drag dan drop mouse pada lembar kerja à akan terbentuk lingkaran.
Jika anda ingin mengubah lingkaran menjadi variasi yang berbeda, Langkahnya drag lingkaran tersebut à klik Shape Tools pada Tool Box. Jika ingin bentuk pie, drag-lah lingkaran dari dalam. Jika ingin bentuk arc, drag-lah lingkaran dari luar.
Membuat objek polygon
Klik Polygon Tool atau tekan Y à arahkan pointer yang berbentuk (+) ke lembar kerja à tekan tombol kiri mouse geser secara diagonal sambil tekan tombol Ctrl pada keyboard à terbentuklah polygon segi lima.
Untuk menambah atau mengurangi segi tersebut, gunakan fasilitas Number of Point on Polygon à klik segi yang dikehendaki (missal 3) à akan terbentuk segitiga.
Untuk mengubah polygon menjadi bentuk bintang, lakukan langkah berikut. Drag segi lima à tekan shape Tool à arahkan pointer ke objek tersebut di antara dua segi yang berpotongan à tarik kedalam à terbentuk segi lima menjadi bintang.
Membuat objek spiral
Klik ke Polygon Tool à pilih Spiral Tool atau tekan A à pada lembar kerja klik dan geser tombol kiri mouse sambil tekan tombol Ctrl pada keyboard à terbentuklah spiral.
Membuat objek table
Klik polygon Tool à klik Grap Paper Tool atau tekan D à tekan dan geser tombol kiri mouse pada kanvas à terbentuklah table
Menggunakan Freehand Tool
Klik Freehand Tool pada Toolbox à pada kanvas klik tombol kiri mouse à drag kearah yang diinginkan à jika sudah sesuai keinginan, tekan tombol Esc pada keyboard untuk mengakhiri.
Apabila ingin melengkungkan garis, klik Shape Tool à tempatkan pointer pada garis yang ingin dilengkungkan à klik kanan mouse à klik pilihan To Curve.
Menggunakan Bezier Tool
Klik Bazier Tool pada Toolbox à pada kanvas klik satu kali pointer bertanda (+) à pindah ke posisi lain à klik lagi di posisi tersebut à lanjutkan hingga sesuai dengan objek yang diinginkan.
Bila ingin melengkungkan garis dari objek di atas, klik Shape Tool à tempatkan pointer pada garis yang ingin dilengkungkan à klik kanan mouse à klik pilihan To Curve
Menggunakan Dimension Tool
Buatlah sebuah objek, misalkan persegi panjang berukuran 8×8,5 cm à didalamnya buatlah lingkarang berdiameter 8,5 cm à pada Toolbox, klik Dimension Tool à pada Property Bar pilih Horisontal Tool (untuk menjelaskan garis mendatar) dan pilih Vertical Tool (untuk menjelaskan garis vertical) à pada Dimension Style pilih decimal dengan satuan 0 pada Dimension Precission à pada Dimension Unit pilih cm à aktifkan Show units for Dimension à klik tombol Text Position Drop Down à klik pilihan, teks dimensi di bagian tengah garis à Posisikan pointer pada garis yang akan diberi dimensi / keterangan.
Menggunakan 3 Point Curve Tool
Klik 3 Point Curve Tool pada Toolbox à pada kanvas, klik point 1 à drag dan lepaskan pada point 2 àklik di point 3 à terakhir satukan point 2 dengan point 1 dengan pointer.
Menggunakan Smart Drawing Tool
Klik Smart Drawing Tool pada Toolbox à pada Property Bar pada Shape Recognition Level, pilih Medium dan pada Smart Smooting Level, pilih Highest. à pada kanvas, klik point 1, point 2, point3 dan point 4 à Secara otomatis akan terbentuk objek yang simetris.
Referensi:
§ 101 Tip & Trik CorelDraw 12 oleh Derry I & Jubilee, Elexmedia Komputindo.
§ CD Tutorial Interactive PROACTIVE.
Supaya dapat membuahkan hasil yang menarik, diperlukan latihan-latihan. Sebagai bahan latihan, akan saya paparkan tips & triks menggunakan coreldraw. Mudah-mudahan bermanfaat bagi kita semua…
Membuka Corel Draw
Klik Start à All Programs à pilih CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 12 à Klik CorelDraw 12.
Cara lain: Klik shortcut di desktop yang bertuliskan CorelDraw 12.
Tampilan Corel Draw
o Menu utama (1) à terdiri dari menu-menu untuk mengoperasikan CorelDraw 12.
o Standar (2) à perintah-perintah pada menu utama
o Property bar (3) à berisi tombol-tombol perintah tambahan.
o Tool box (4) à berisi alat untuk mendesain gambar.
o Ruler (5) à sebagai garis pengukur objek
o Color Pallete (6) à berisi perintah untuk memilih warna objek.
o Pages (7) à sebagai petunjuk halaman yang aktif.
o Lembar kerja ( à halaman tampilan untuk tempat mendesain objek.
Menyimpan Desain File
Klik menu File à Save à tulis pada filename nama filenya à tekan Save.
Menutup File
Klik menu File à klik Close.
Menutup Program CorelDraw 12
Klik menu File à klik Exit.
Mengatur Ukuran/ Jenis Kertas
Klik menu File à New à klik kotak Paper Type/Size pada property bar pilih jenis kertas yang anda inginkan. Misalkan letter, legal, tabloid dsb.
Mengatur unit satuan
Klik Drawing Unit pada property bar untuk memilih unit satuan yang anda inginkan. Misalkan: inches, millimeters, dsb.
Menampilkan dan mengatur Grid
Klik menu View à Grid à garis grid akan ditampilkan.
Jika anda ingin mengubah garis grid menjadi titik-titik, klik menu View à Grid and Ruler Setup à muncul kotak dialog, pilih Show grid as dots untuk mengubah garis menjadi titik-titik.
Menambah halaman dalam satu file
Klik Pages (halaman yang aktif) misalkan Page 1 à Klik kanan, pilih Insert Page After.
Menghapus halaman dalam satu file
Klik Pages (halaman yang aktif) misalkan Page 2 à Klik kanan, pilih Delete Page Before.
Mengubah nama halaman dalam satu file
Klik Pages (halaman yang aktif) misalkan Page 1 à Klik kanan, pilih Rename.
Membuat objek segi empat
Klik Rectangle Tool pada Tool Box atau tekan F6 à pointer akan berubah menjadi tanda (+) à drag dan drop mouse pada lembar kerja à akan terbentuk persegi panjang.
Jika anda ingin membuat persegi/ bujur sangkar, Langkah sama seperti membuat persegi panjang. Hanya saja pada saat drag tombol kiri mouse sambil tekan Ctrl pada keyboard.
Jika ingin sudut dari segi empat di atas berbentuk melengkung (tidak siku) maka caranya adalah: tekan Pick Tool pada Tool Box à pilih objek segi empat tersebut à Klik Shape Tool (atau tekan F10) à Arahkan pointer pada sudut segi empat lalu drag (geser sedikit) dengan menekan tombol kiri mouse.
Membuat objek lingkaran
Klik Ellipse Tool pada Tool Box atau tekan F7 à pointer akan berubah menjadi tanda (+) à drag dan drop mouse pada lembar kerja à akan terbentuk lingkaran.
Jika anda ingin mengubah lingkaran menjadi variasi yang berbeda, Langkahnya drag lingkaran tersebut à klik Shape Tools pada Tool Box. Jika ingin bentuk pie, drag-lah lingkaran dari dalam. Jika ingin bentuk arc, drag-lah lingkaran dari luar.
Membuat objek polygon
Klik Polygon Tool atau tekan Y à arahkan pointer yang berbentuk (+) ke lembar kerja à tekan tombol kiri mouse geser secara diagonal sambil tekan tombol Ctrl pada keyboard à terbentuklah polygon segi lima.
Untuk menambah atau mengurangi segi tersebut, gunakan fasilitas Number of Point on Polygon à klik segi yang dikehendaki (missal 3) à akan terbentuk segitiga.
Untuk mengubah polygon menjadi bentuk bintang, lakukan langkah berikut. Drag segi lima à tekan shape Tool à arahkan pointer ke objek tersebut di antara dua segi yang berpotongan à tarik kedalam à terbentuk segi lima menjadi bintang.
Membuat objek spiral
Klik ke Polygon Tool à pilih Spiral Tool atau tekan A à pada lembar kerja klik dan geser tombol kiri mouse sambil tekan tombol Ctrl pada keyboard à terbentuklah spiral.
Membuat objek table
Klik polygon Tool à klik Grap Paper Tool atau tekan D à tekan dan geser tombol kiri mouse pada kanvas à terbentuklah table
Menggunakan Freehand Tool
Klik Freehand Tool pada Toolbox à pada kanvas klik tombol kiri mouse à drag kearah yang diinginkan à jika sudah sesuai keinginan, tekan tombol Esc pada keyboard untuk mengakhiri.
Apabila ingin melengkungkan garis, klik Shape Tool à tempatkan pointer pada garis yang ingin dilengkungkan à klik kanan mouse à klik pilihan To Curve.
Menggunakan Bezier Tool
Klik Bazier Tool pada Toolbox à pada kanvas klik satu kali pointer bertanda (+) à pindah ke posisi lain à klik lagi di posisi tersebut à lanjutkan hingga sesuai dengan objek yang diinginkan.
Bila ingin melengkungkan garis dari objek di atas, klik Shape Tool à tempatkan pointer pada garis yang ingin dilengkungkan à klik kanan mouse à klik pilihan To Curve
Menggunakan Dimension Tool
Buatlah sebuah objek, misalkan persegi panjang berukuran 8×8,5 cm à didalamnya buatlah lingkarang berdiameter 8,5 cm à pada Toolbox, klik Dimension Tool à pada Property Bar pilih Horisontal Tool (untuk menjelaskan garis mendatar) dan pilih Vertical Tool (untuk menjelaskan garis vertical) à pada Dimension Style pilih decimal dengan satuan 0 pada Dimension Precission à pada Dimension Unit pilih cm à aktifkan Show units for Dimension à klik tombol Text Position Drop Down à klik pilihan, teks dimensi di bagian tengah garis à Posisikan pointer pada garis yang akan diberi dimensi / keterangan.
Menggunakan 3 Point Curve Tool
Klik 3 Point Curve Tool pada Toolbox à pada kanvas, klik point 1 à drag dan lepaskan pada point 2 àklik di point 3 à terakhir satukan point 2 dengan point 1 dengan pointer.
Menggunakan Smart Drawing Tool
Klik Smart Drawing Tool pada Toolbox à pada Property Bar pada Shape Recognition Level, pilih Medium dan pada Smart Smooting Level, pilih Highest. à pada kanvas, klik point 1, point 2, point3 dan point 4 à Secara otomatis akan terbentuk objek yang simetris.
Referensi:
§ 101 Tip & Trik CorelDraw 12 oleh Derry I & Jubilee, Elexmedia Komputindo.
§ CD Tutorial Interactive PROACTIVE.
Minggu, 23 November 2008
INTERNET
APA ITU INTERNET
Apa itu internet? Lha, yang ada di depan kamu ini apa? Ya, saat ini kamu sedang mengaksesinternet. Saat ini juga, kamu bisa mendapat informasi yang tiada batasnya.
Internet (International Network, Interconnected Network) sering juga disebut dunia maya. Dunia ini sebenarnya tidak ada, namun tampak seperti dunia nyata. Di dunia maya, kamu bisa melakukan hampir semua hal yang bisa kamu lakukan di dunia nyata.
Sebelum tahun 90-an kita butuh berhari-hari atau bahkan berminggu-minggu untuk menyampaikan surat. Sekarang, surat yang kita kirim ke belahan dunia manapun bisa sampai dalam hitungan detik dengan biaya yang sangat murah.
Komunikasi langsung bisa kamu lakukan dengan chatting atau VOIP. Cara pertama (chatting) dilakukan dengan teks. Tapi sekarang chatting juga bisa kamu lakukan dengan suara dan webcam. Cara kedua (VOIP, Voice over Internet Protocol)dilakukan seperti halnya menelepon biasa, tapi dengan biaya yang relatif murah. Misalnya, kamu menelepon saudara di luar negeri, biaya yang kamu keluarkan cuma biaya akses internet saja.
Tidak perlu pergi ke toko untuk membeli buku. Cukup kunjungi www.inibuku.com, isi formulir, lakukan pembayaran dan buku bisa langsung dikirim ke rumah. Beli komputer, silakan ke www.bhinneka.com. Dan masih banyak toko online lain yang menjual berbagai macam barang.
Antrian di bank atau kantor pos bisa dikurangi dengan internet. Transfer uang, bayar telepon, pajak hanya dengan klik mouse.
Sebelum ada internet, berita tercepat disampaikan melalui radio atau TV. Berita koran hanya dapat dinikmati satu hari setelah berita itu ditulis. Di sinilah kelebihan internet. Berita dapat ditampilkan secara cepat dan bisa dilihat kembali di lain waktu, seperti halnya media cetak. Bahkan kamu juga bisa menikmati siaran TV dan radio di internet.
Apa cuma itu gunanya internet? Bukan cuma itu. Seperti yang aku tulis tadi: kita bisa lakukan hampir semua hal di internet. Cari gambar? Bisa ke image.google.com, atau www.freefoto.com. Gudang video ada di www.youtube.com. Berita dan artikel ada di www.eramuslim.com, www.republika.co.id, dll. Bahkan kamu juga bisa nyari teman di www.friendster.com atau www.myspace.com.
Mau berdiskusi dan tukar ilmu? Gabung aja di forum-forum diskusi atau mailing list yang tersebar di internet.
Jadi, internet itu sebenarnya apa sih? Singkatnya, internet adalah jutaan komputer yang saling tersambung dengan mekanisme tertentu.
Nah, itu aja dulu. Kalo kepanjangan tulisannya, bisa bikin bete, kan?
Semoga bermanfaat dan selamat berinternet!
RF-ONLINE
Buat kamu yang suka game online, langsung aja maen game yg namanya RF-ONLINE.
Game dgn genre RPG itu mengisahkan tentang 3 bangsa yang saling bermusuhan.
yaitu : Cora , Bellato , Acretia.
so ,buat kamu para gamers jgn ragu tuk nyoba game ini .hahaha artikel pertama niihhh...
oiaaa, tapi game ini mempunyai kelemahan yg sangat vital karena game ini banyak cheat nya. bukan diketik tapi memakai program yg bernama "cheat engine" atau semacamnya untuk melakukan berbagai kecurangan ..hahaha..bangsa yg paling sering make cheat adalah acretia. huh....
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